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Selected Publications​

For electronic reprints of any Mulligan Group publication, please contact Dr. Christopher Mulligan by clicking here.

Brown, H. M.; McDaniel, T. J.; Doppalapudi, K.; Mulligan, C. C.; Fedick, P. W.; Rapid, In-Situ Detection of Chemical Warfare Agent Simulants and Hydrolysis Products in Bulk Soils by Low-Cost 3D-Printed Cone Spray Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Analyst, 2021, 146, 3127-3136. DOI: 10.1039/D1AN00255D. Cover Article and Analyst “Hot Article”

Evans-Nguyen, K.; Stelmack, A. R.; Clowser, P. C.; Holtz, J. M.; Mulligan, C. C. Fieldable Mass Spectrometry for Forensic Science, Homeland Security and Defense Applications.  Mass Spectrom. Rev., 2021, 40, 628-646. Invited Review for Special Issue Honoring Prof. Robert J. Cotter.

Brown, H. M.; McDaniel, T. J.; Fedick, P. W.; Mulligan, C. C. The Current Role of Mass Spectrometry in Forensics and Future Prospects. Anal. Methods, 2020, 12, 3974-3997. Cover Article and Invited Critical Review.

Burr, D. S.; Fatigante, W.; Lartey, J.; Jang, W.; Stelmack, A. R.; McClurg, N.; Standard, J.; Wieland, J. R.; Kim, J.-H.; Mulligan, C. C.; Driskell, J. D. Integrating SERS and PSI-MS with Dual Purpose Plasmonic Paper Substrates for On-Site Illicit Drug Confirmation. Anal. Chem., 2020, 92, 6676-6683.

Fatigante, W. L.; Mukta, S.; Lawton, Z. E.; Bruno, A. M.; Traub, A.; Gasa, A. J.; Stelmack, A. R.; Wilson-Frank, C. R.; Mulligan, C. C. Filter Cone Spray Ionization Coupled to a Portable MS System: Application to On-Site Forensic Evidence and Environmental Sample Analysis. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom., 2020, 31, 336-346.

Lartey, J. A.; Harms, J. P.; Frimpong, R.; Mulligan, C. C.; Driskell, J. D.; Kim, J.-H. Sandwiching Analytes with Structurally Diverse Plasmonic Nanoparticles on Paper Substrates for Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy. RSC Adv. 2019, 9, 32535-32543.

Kazimi, S. G. T.; Iqbal, M. S.; Mulligan, C. C.; Shaw III, C. F.; Fozia, I.; Stelmack, A. R.; Campbell, I. S. Ligand Exchange/Scrambling Study of Gold(I)-Phosphine Complexes in the Solid Phase by DESI-MS Analysis. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom., 2019, 30, 2289-2296.

Gizzi, M. C.; Bruno, A. M.; Curtis, R. C.; Mulligan, C. C. The Fourth Amendment and the Potential Use of Field-Portable Mass Spectrometry Systems in Law Enforcement.  J. Crime Just., 2019, 42, 316-330.

Fedick, P. W.; Fatigante, W. L.; Lawton, Z. E.; O’Leary, A. E.; Hall, S. E.; Bain, R. M.; Aryton, S. T.; Ludwig, J. A.; Mulligan, C. C. A Low-Cost, Simplified Platform of Interchangeable, Ambient Ionization Sources for Rapid, Forensic Evidence Screening on Portable Mass Spectrometric Instrumentation. Instruments, 2018, 2, doi:10.3390/instruments2020005. Invited Submission to the “Mass Spectrometry Based Miniature Instruments for Environmental and Field Studies” Special Issue

Bruno, A. M.; Cleary, S. R.; O’Leary, A. E.; Gizzi, M. C.; Mulligan, C. C. Balancing the Utility and Legality of Implementing Portable Mass Spectrometers Coupled with Ambient Ionization in Routine Law Enforcement Activities. Anal. Methods, 2017, 9, 5015-5022. Invited Submission to the “Ambient Mass Spectrometry” Themed Issue

Lawton, Z. E.; Traub, A.; Fatigante, W. L.; Mancias, J.; O’Leary, A. E.; Hall, S. E.; Wieland, J. R.; Oberacher, J.; Gizzi, M. C.; Mulligan, C. C. Analytical Validation of a Portable Mass Spectrometer Featuring Interchangeable, Ambient Ionization Sources for High Throughput Forensic Evidence Screening. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom., 2017, 6, 1048-1059.  Invited Submission in Special Issue Honoring Prof. R. Graham Cooks’ Election to the National Academy of Sciences

Hall, S. E.; O’Leary, A. E.; Lawton, Z. E.; Mulligan, C. C. Trace Level Screening of Chemicals Related to Clandestine Desomorphine Production with Ambient Sampling, Portable Mass Spectrometry. J. Chem., 2017, DOI:10.1155/2017/8571928.

O’Leary, A. E.; Hall, S. E.; Vircks, K. E.; Mulligan, C. C. Monitoring the Clandestine Synthesis of Methamphetamine in Real-time with Ambient Sampling, Portable Mass Spectrometry. Anal. Methods, 2015, 7, 7156-7163. Invited Submission to the “Emerging Investigators” Special Issue

O’Leary, A. E.; Oberacher, H.; Hall, S. E.; Mulligan, C. C. Combining a Portable, Tandem Mass Spectrometer with Automated Library Searching – An Important Step Towards Streamlined, On-Site Identification of Forensic Evidence. Anal. Methods, 2015, 7, 3331-3339. Cover Article

Buse, J.; Purves, R. W.; Verrall, R. E.; Ildiko, B.; Zhang, H.; Mulligan, C. C.; Peru, K. M.; Bailey, J.; Headley, J. V.; El-Aneed. The Development and Assessment of High-Throughput Mass Spectrometry-Based Methods for the Quantification of a Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Agent in Cellular Lysate. J. Mass Spectrom, 2014, 49, 1171-1180. DOI: 10.1002/jms.3444

Hall, S. E.; Mulligan, C. C. Application of Ambient Sampling, Portable Mass Spectrometry Toward On-Site Screening of Clandestine Drug Operations. LCGC North America, 2014, 10, s8-s13, Invited Submission to “Current Trends in Mass Spectrometry” Special Isssue. LINK

Wilson, C. R.; Mulligan, C. C.; Strueh, K. D.; Stevenson, G. W.; Hooser, S. B. Rapid Detection of Terbufos in Stomach Contents Using Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry.  J. Vet. Diagn. Invest., 2014, 26, 428-430. doi:10.1177/1040638714528176

Nizzia, J. L.; O’Leary, A. E.; Ton, A. T.; Mulligan, C. C. Screening of Cosmetic Ingredients from Authentic Formulations and Environmental Samples with Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Anal Methods, 2013, 5, 394-401. Invited Submission to Special Issue on “Cosmetic Ingredients”doi.org/10.1039/C2AY25846C

Dalgleish, J. K.; Wlekinski, M.; Shelly, J. T.; Mulligan, C. C., Ouyang, Z.; Cooks, R. G. Arrays of Low-Temperature Plasma Probes for Ambient Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom., 2013, 27, 135-142, doi.org/10.1002/rcm.6435

Vircks, K. E.; Mulligan, C. C. Rapid Screening of Synthetic Cathinones as Trade Residues and in Authentic Seizures Using a Portable Mass Spectrometer Equipped With Desorption Electrospray Ionization. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom., 2012, 26, 2665-2672, doi.org/10.1002/rcm.6390

Campbell, I. S.; Ton, A. T.; Mulligan, C. C. Direct Detection of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products from Aqueous Samples with Thermally-Assisted Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 2011, 22, 1285-1293, doi: 10.1007/s13361-011-0144-6.

Schwarz, T.; Snow, T. A.; Santee, C. J.; Mulligan, C. C.; Class, T.; Wadsley, M. P.; Nanita, S. C. QuEChERS Multiresidue Method Validation and Mass Spectrometric Assessment for the Novel Anthranilic Diamide Insecticides Chlorantraniliprole and Cyantraniliprole. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2011, 59, 814-821, doi: 10.1021/jf103468d.

Harper, J. D.; Charipar, N.; Mulligan, C. C.; Zhang, X.; Cooks, R. G.; Ouyang, Z. Low-Temperature Plasma Probe for Ambient Desorption Ionization. Anal. Chem., 2008, 80, 9097-9104.

— Joined Illinois State University Dept. of Chemistry —

Janfelt, C.; Talaty, N.; Mulligan, C. C.; Keil, A.; Ouyang, Z.; Cooks, R. G. Mass Spectra of Proteins and Other Biomolecules Recorded with a Handheld Instrument. Int. J. Mass Spectrom., 2008, 278, 164-169.

Mulligan, C. C.; Talaty, N.; Justes, D. R.; Jackson, A. U.; Noll, R. J.; Cooks, R. G. Fabric Analysis by Ambient Mass Spectrometry for Explosives and Drugs. Analyst, 2008, 133, 1532-1540.

Mulligan, C. C.; MacMillan, D. K.; Noll, R. G.; Cooks, R. G. Fast Analysis of Ordnance-Related Compounds and Agricultural Chemicals in Water with Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom., 2007, 21, 3729-3736.

Cotte-Rodriguez, I.; Mulligan, C. C.; Cooks, R. G. Non-Proximate Detection of Small and Large Molecules by Desorption Electrospray Ionization and Desorption Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry: Instrumentation and Applications in Forensics, Chemistry, and Biology. Anal. Chem., 2007, 79, 7069-7077.

Mulligan, C. C.; Talaty, N.; Cooks, R. G. Desorption Electrospray Ionization with a Portable Mass Spectrometer: In-situ Analysis of Ambient Surfaces. Chem. Comm., 2006, 1709-1711. Cover Article

Cotte-Rodriguez, I.; Justes, D. R.; Nanita, S. C.; Noll, R. J.; Mulligan, C. C.; Sanders, N. L.; Cooks, R. G. Analysis of Gaseous Toxic Industrial Compounds and Chemical Warfare Agent Simulants by Atmospheric Pressure Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Analyst, 2006, 131, 579-589.

Mulligan, C. C.; Justes, D. R.; Noll, R. J.; Sanders, N. L.; Laughlin, B. C.; Cooks, R. G. Direct Monitoring of Gaseous Toxic Compounds in Air Using a Portable Mass Spectrometer. Analyst, 2006, 131, 556-567.

Laughlin, B. C.; Mulligan, C. C.; Cooks, R. G. Atmospheric Pressure Ionization in a Miniature Mass Spectrometer. Anal. Chem.,2005, 77, 2928-2939.

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